Work as Liturgy, Liturgy as Work

For days now, I’ve been reflecting on this idea of “Work as Worship.” I have to admit to feeling incredibly humbled at the prospect of having anything worthwhile to say on the matter when there are wise and poetic voices to inspire us on this topic: Brother Lawrence, Kathleen Norris, the Desert Fathers & Mothers, John O’Donohue. After reading their works, it was easier to find the presence of GOD in the tasks that would otherwise feel mundane or unglamorous.

This is such an interesting topic to me. In my pastoral experience, I’ve met so many earnest people who seek careers in ministry because of the seeming nobility of the work, the purposefulness, the “rightness.” It seems to them, at that horizon of their life, that this kind of work is somehow better or more exhilarating than an office job or the barista job at Starbucks or finishing that teacher licensure. (HA! Oh, sorry…) Any Divine call on your life for the sake of the gospel must be into vocational ministry, right? Hmmm…

The concept of “Work as Idol” is not new to us. We could sit for hours together, no doubt, and talk about the pursuit of glory in American capitalism, etc. etc. etc. It’s easier to justify to ourselves, though, when we start talking about ministry or the work we do as spiritual directors, pastors, worship curators. But I always wonder: how many of us find our Christian identity in the work we do – the title we possess, the validity of having a check from an institution – than we do from the actual process of our work? I meet just as many people inside the Church who have made their job their idol (and identity or hiding place, the list goes on) as I have met people outside the Church who seem to have sold their souls to The Man.

At the end of the day, work gets a bad rap. It was part of the curse, after all. We forget that man had work before (the tending of the garden) he just didn’t hate it, or resent it. I wonder if actually the metaphor exists to tell us that he just hadn’t yet created a hierarchy of “good work” and “bad work.” The power scheme shifted from the egalitarian, interdependence of the Garden to the hierarchy of humankind’s power and identity-making titles. In the Eden place, maybe humankind’s purposes and identity guided her decisions and actions instead of the other way around.

This same dynamic of work-as-identity happens in the worship gathering. I find that my list of volunteers who want to sing or preach or make art tends to be much, much longer than my list of people willing to set up stations, inventory altar supplies, help in the nursery, run sound or push the button on the media presentations. Ah yes, the mundane and the unglamorous.

Perhaps the problem lies in our definition of work. And maybe even in our definition of worship.

The word liturgy literally means “the work of the people.” The work. So we’ve made that to mean certain things, a certain prioritized list. Interestingly, the word came from a people who knew this to extend to the temple sweepers, to the bread makers for the feasts, to those who polished the silver in the temple, those who guarded the doors, those who cleaned up the floors after the sacrifices. They extended it to the collective voices in prayer, the active listening as Holy texts were read, to the work of gathering your sacrifice.

How inspiring. To draw a lesson from our ancients: it’s the intentionality in our work that makes it worship, not the task itself. It’s the presentness, the centeredness, and actually – this is what grates on our American sensibilities – the taming of our own ego in the process.

In whatever vocation you have been given, what would it look like for you to be present? Intentional? What would it look like for that ‘sense of presence’ to flow from your idea that GOD is at work in our work? Oh – and how can you participate and work in worship this week?

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Soooo… the Trinity

My then eleven year old daughter – a bright and imaginative girl who I’m quite certain came from the same Divine imagination that created unicorns and Portuguese music – finally asked me the mysterious question that everybody eventually asks and nobody completely answers: “Sooo… one GOD but three… huh?” We sat and talked long enough about this great and magical idea of the Trinity to make me think she needed to play more video games. Eventually she and I both left the table realizing that it’s not about getting it, but maybe about realizing that we can’t; just look for GOD in faith, realizing that there’s more to GOD than we can quantify, qualify or understand. I thought that was a parenting score, if I may say so myself.

So I can’t explain the Trinity, obviously, but I’ll be perfectly honest: I’m glad. I dread the day that we can tidily box the essence of GOD up into neatly labeled compartments with the smug demeanor of people who “get it.” Lord Jesus Christ, have mercy on us. This is not to say, however, that I’m coming from what may seem like the other pole of “don’t care to over-think this so I’ll just lump everything in the Jesus bucket.” If you are unfamiliar with this particular bucket, I urge you to listen to your local Christian radio station’s music for a small taste of it. Everything about the essence of GOD, every act, every purpose, every title seems to actually be “Jesus.” As best I can tell, this is far more a trait of Christian culture than it is of any particular denomination, but since Christian culture pervades across those lines, a little thoughtful inventory wouldn’t hurt any of us.

So why does it matter? That seems to be the first and most obvious question. Why does it matter – what we think of – or maybe even if we think of – the Trinity in our prayer and our worship?

Let’s start here at the seeming impossible – defining the Trinity…or at least paying homage to the identity and essence of the Trinity with our limited language. The Trinity is all that is in the very essence of GOD’s identity about community, interdependence, and risky love. The Trinity is about the creative impulse, new life, rebirth, the tension of true beauty as it appeared in the dawn of time, worked out through the cross, and appears now in our now-and-not-yet world. The Trinity is about restoring what is broken, returning what is lost among the seen and unseen. The Trinity is about co-creation and collaboration. About turning expectations inside out, turning over tables and over turning hearts. And all within the interwoven desires and work of GOD-the-Mother-and-Father, Christ-the-Son, and the Holy Ghost, each with their respective roles and essences.  To steal shamelessly from the evangelical theologian Stanley Grenz in Theology for the Community of GOD:

The ‘Father’ functions as the divine program for creation. The Son functions as the revealer of GOD, the exemplar and herald of the Father’s justice, love, and grace for creation, and the redeemer of humankind. And the Spirit functions as the personal divine power active in the world, the completer of the divine program.

Not the most poetic explanation (ah, the poetic theologians… so jealous the Lutherans have one) but a solid and expansive one.

What does this mean for worship? For prayer? For the daily inhaling of all that is divine and sacred?

I’m throwing this out there for consideration: If we aren’t acknowledging the essence of the Trinity – creative, redeeming, moving, relational, mysterious, inconvenient, interdependent, giving of salvation – then it would stand to reason that we are worshiping an artificial god that we’ve created to satiate our felt needs. When we make our worship all about the Jesus we can relate to – our brother, redeemer, savior – or when we attribute to Jesus all the welcome work of the Trinity without the more dangerous invitations of the Spirit or the bigness that is the GOD-head, we create our own safe, comfortable, satisfying and wholly incomplete god — our golden calf. We practice a kind of self-help that may have some beautiful therapeutic value and even some possible overflow to our neighborhoods and relationships, but ultimately we fail to participate in the radical transformation in our own lives and in our communities that comes when we abandon the Jesus-GOD and embrace the interdependence and overturning life of the Trinity and the Trinity’s co-creative work.

This is more than creative praxis or scholastic theology. This is about thoughtful participation in the ongoing Story of GOD and celebrating that in our worship. But even greater – it’s about seeking to undo our limited understanding or overly-concrete expectations of GOD and purposefully moving into a collaborative life with the Trinity. I would be remiss if I didn’t say that I encourage you, even I beg you, to consider the mystery and the great overturning that is waiting in this kind of life, in this kind of prayer and worship.

How do you honor and acknowledge the Trinity and the work of the Trinity in your worship? In your prayer? How do you empower those you serve to see the world through this lens?

Image © iStockphoto

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How Does Creation Care Figure into Your Worship Curation?

Mark Pierson claims that “the reason we come together as a church community is to sustain people in their following of Jesus Christ in the world.” (The Art of Curating Worship, 20-21)

This then must also be our motivation for curating worship. We design things in such a way that people leave the gathering better prepared for following Jesus than when they came in. But what about the “in the world” part? We do, indeed, follow Jesus in the world. And our world is crumbling (as it has been since the beginning).

Even if you don’t believe in global warming, you need only pick up your daily newspaper. Steven Bouma-Prediger in his book For the Beauty of the Earth lists off some actual headlines from one local southwest Michigan newspaper:

“Phosphorus in Macatawa Watershed Up”
“State Lost 854,000 Acres of Farmland in ’80′s”
“Zebra Mussels Move into New Waterways”
“Rust Dust Falling on Core City Neighborhood”
“Future Uncertain for Gray Wolf” (p. 39)

Chances are, you local paper contains similar headlines every day.

As curators, if we are to “sustain” people to follow Jesus in the world, we would do them a big favor to include in our worship design some help along the lines of caring for God’s creation. The way I see it, this can come in two primary forms. First, we might ensure that the messages conveyed through our worship – whether verbal or non – include a theology of creation care. Second, we might also take care in our actual curation to be responsible with the materials we use and the waste we create.

How does your church handle environmental concerns? How exactly does Creation Care figure into your worship planning? Have you found some unique ways to help people repair the world as they follow Jesus in it?

Share some your personal thoughts in the comments section of this post. Also, take a moment to register your vote in this week’s poll:

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How Do You Decide If Worship Is “Good” or a Success?

This post originally appeared on Creative Worship Tour, September 23, 2009.

Today I printed off the production file for the World Vision Australia worship I am curating in two weeks time. Ninety minutes of non-singing, art installation-based stations worship built around the theme of “Lingering With Intent” – the intent to hear from God, to give thanks to God, and to seek God’s guidance for the year ahead. More than thirty pages describing “what I want to say”, the site locations, concepts and design for each station, equipment lists, station notes and so on. Fifty iterations of thirteen different stations.

Thirty pages, eighty hours of my work, more from other peoples contributions, twelve people installing on the day before (five making the trip from New Zealand). I have already made two site visits, and will spend another four days on my next visit to install and curate and pack out the worship, for five-hundred people.

Is it all worth it? How will I know?

How do we measure the success or otherwise of worship? Should we? My early posts made it clear that I believe worship can be unsuccessful. What makes the difference?

I’m not talking about trying to evaluate or measure the worship of any individual, that can only be known by the individual and God. I’m interested in the degree to which the way the event is curated enables or hinders the worship of individuals and the community at the worship.

I believe very strongly that the way I curate a public worship event has a huge impact on the ability or not of people to worship (to respond to the Trinitarian community of God, heart soul, mind, strength, as I have defined worship previously). I believe this to be equally true of a community of faith at worship 11am Sunday and a sacred space curated in a public place for anyone to engage with at 3pm Wednesday.

It worries me that we too often do not, or are not willing to, evaluate what we do in worship. We somehow assume that because its worship, that God will take anything we offer, and that to evaluate that in any way is somehow just not appropriate. Again I would say that I am not concerned about the way people actually worship or the content of those interactions with God, but about evaluating the way I curate worship.

So how do I decide if worship is “good” or successful? How do I know if what I have prepared for World Vision is good worship? Not by counting the accolades from people as they leave, although an ego rub doesn’t go astray! And genuine responses, especially those that describe a specific response/encounter/experience are a welcome part of any evaluation. But they aren’t enough on their own, and a zero response does not necessarily indicate poor worship.

I decide before the worship begins.

If I have done the very best I can do given the resources available, I consider it good worship. The problem with this definition is that it doesn’t hold up for worship done by other people! You may have noticed that I can be quite critical of worship events I attend/participate in. It would be arrogant and presumptuous of me to assume that the curators of those events hadn’t given it their best. They probably have. What they lacked often was experience, or alternative models, or some basic principles. So I am in trouble with my definition.

I’ve not analysed this process of evaluation before, but here goes.

Giving it my best involves measuring myself against a number of elements:
1. Staying true to my working definition of worship.
2. Analysing the category of worship required (community, transitional, guerilla)
3. Carefully answering the question, “What do I want to say?”
4. Collaborating with people I trust to reflect back to me criticism and affirmation.
5. Being still long enough and often enough to hear what God is saying to me about what I am doing as I do it.
6. Constantly imagining the “congregation” responding and how they will know what is expected of them at any point. This helps me remember the range of “ages and stages” present and to clarify my instructions.
7. Praying and imagining through the whole event on paper. This helps me see segues and transitions that are needed, as well as how the elements flow or not.
8. Doing the work of exegesis and understanding well any biblical text involved.

What other criteria do you think are important?

So I “know” that this worship is good. Sounds arrogant but it isn’t. I am totally dependent on the Holy Spirit turning up in 500 different ways. I can’t engage people with God, but I can set them on a path toward that possibility. To do that I have used all the gifts, experience, intuition, creativity and knowledge that God has given me. I can do no more except pray that God will step into the gaps on the day. I believe she will.

What do you reckon? Have I missed the boat?

image © iStockphoto

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Worshiping Together = Spiritual Formation?

Being part of this online community immediately assumes that we are all interested and perhaps a little knowledgeable about corporate worship, even if we don’t use that particular terminology very often. If somebody asked us a question about corporate worship, we could probably answer with some amount of articulate idea and certainly no small amount of passion. I wonder what about this particular part of our identity gets you the most excited? brings you the most alive?

I’m confident that I would learn a great deal from sitting around with you over some good wine or strong coffee and talking about the personal story that informs your understanding of “corporate worship.” But what would happen if I asked the question “what is the difference between worshiping together and worshiping at the same time?”

There’s something inside this question that is waiting to infuse our gatherings with something vibrant and regenerating, something self-perpetuating and earthy. If we moved into an experiential understanding of the difference between the two ideas, I think it would radically change the consumer-church concept most of us have to wrangle. It would start to give a creative resuscitation to our life in the “in-between” as kingdom people.

No doubt, the term “corporate worship” is something that we’ve taken for granted. We may have even substituted the language for something less formal sounding: community worship, worship gathering, worship service, etc. As far as defining it goes, of course it means the act of worshiping with other believers, right?

What if that’s the definition that’s limiting us? What if we’ve taken for granted a framework that is actually incomplete? Some of the accusations leveled at the contemporary worship culture seem to reflect this faulty framework: individualism, sentiment, narcissistic song-writing, sub-culture artistic reflections, sensationalism, presentation-driven idea, etc. Then on the polarity, we encounter worship reflections that feel more like team-building exercises with odd arts-and-craft projects and awkward pronoun replacements in our hymns and praise songs.

There are some basic assumptions in the framework of “worshiping at the same time” that are eating away at our gatherings. Some of these assumptions are contributing to the declining numbers of worshiping believers and some of them are the driving force behind the media power-house of contemporary Christendom. It’s entirely possible to have a thousand people in a room all together singing a song about a personal and individual encounter with Jesus. Or a personal and individual liturgy about how God is going to improve the situations of my life. If all thousand people are engaged in singing this song or praying this prayer about their personal and individual experience, does that make it corporate? Does it make it worship?

First off, we need a very basic ecclesiology. We all would agree that we are the Church, that the Church is a living, breathing organism constantly giving birth to new life. We are the Bride of Christ, the Body, a temple. We all would agree that church is not a place but an identity. I think we also would all agree that the Church needs to gather to remember and reaffirm this deep-soul identity and to give thanks for richness, mourn our darkness, lament and grieve over devastations within and without, celebrate life, and bless God for the work that is constantly happening around us in a co-creation with humankind – an affirmation of God’s goodness, power, beauty, and unknowableness. This we can all stand in agreement on.

But who is “the Church?” There are different levels of seeing this beautiful, living being: first is the local community, the church we gather with for worship and serving our neighborhoods. Honestly, even getting our worship brains around expressions of the local community concept takes a bit of work and collaboration. The second level is the universal church – the body of believers that live right now from all around the world. The brother in the Turkish house church, the sister in the Anglican gathering in northern England, the wise mother in the Quaker community. All of us who claim to be disciples of the Nazarene Rabbi, regardless of race, creed, gender, or orientation make up the universal Church. The third level – the mind blowing and exciting level – is that we are part of the mystical Church, the Church comprised of all of the Christ-followers who have ever lived and who are building the Church now. This is comprised of all of heaven and all of earth. This is Hebrews 11 and 12… you have come to thousands upon thousands of angels in joyful assembly, to the church of the firstborn, whose names are written in heaven. You have come to God, the judge of all men, to the spirits of righteous men made perfect, to Jesus the mediator of a new covenant, and to the sprinkled blood that speaks a better word than the blood of Abel. The entirety of the mystical Church worships together whenever we celebrate the resurrection and the powerful implications of this Missio Dei – the Mission of God.

The first aspect of corporate worship means taking our place in this mystical Church, losing our urgency to fulfill our own felt needs in worship so we can, in reality, have our soul-holes filled. It’s definitely the “something bigger” that so many people are aching for! If we gather and take our place in the mystical Church, it changes the context and the tools a great deal, but ultimately it forces us to ask the question what story are we telling? If we enter that mysterious paradigm and try to bring our own stories, the “me and Jesus” story, it will feel painfully and almost ridiculously small. With this small shift, our concept of corporate worship has already changed too much to allow for a self-focused story line.

So what is the narrative of God? What is God’s story?

God’s story begins with the Triune God, the essence of community, breathing life into humankind; creating paradise-beauty, pleasures of mind, body, soul and heart, and a love that means we were profoundly and truly seen. Then came the Fall, the great division that broke humans from their God and also tore the foundations beneath man and wife, brother and sister, parent and child. It is here that God begins his passionate pursuit of the Beloved, all of his creation. With subplots and dramas that rival anything written, God is in motion to win the hearts and minds of humankind and ultimately, to restore the entirety of creation. We looked for God and found him in strong men and women, in soulful art, in mysterious rites, in magnificent temples, in family bonds. Yet it was still incomplete. So God came as one of us. He turned our concept of holiness, greatness, and justice upside down. He died a criminal’s death and came back to physical life on a dew-soaked morning three days later. On that day, all of creation changed it’s trajectory from degenerating and effort-driven to restorative and grace-infused. We became not just recipients of God’s grace, but agents of his ongoing redemption, this process of renewal for the planet, for relationships, for souls, for lives, for minds and bodies. We suffer with those who suffer, we speak for those who cannot, we create beautiful windows into heaven with our art and music for those who are struggling to see. We live as the Body of Christ and look for God at work out there. This is God’s story. Entering into it “on purpose” changes us almost despite ourselves.

It means losing ourselves in the vast greatness of this living and eternal mystical Church so that we can truly and unshakably find ourselves. It means having a strong sense of where Christ is in the here and now – and my guess is that he’s not really listening to Christian music or hanging out at the local Christian bookstore. My guess is that he’s holding a sign on the street corner, standing in the shadows of the porn-shop door, gathered at the immigration rally, sitting in with the hot jazz trio, inked on the pages of a Tolstoy novel, captured in the provocative black and white images of the international photo-journalist.

This has great implications on our worship gathering. It changes how we define participation, how we define intercession, confession, celebration, good art… spiritual formation. It changes how we approach missional communities, life with friends, our own personal prayers. It might even change us.

O God, for whom all times and places are your habitation, be our God for we would be your people. We praise you for life’s intangibles. We praise you for our collective dreams and the ability to bring them to pass. We unite our hearts to pray for your Church. Through Jesus Christ, our Lord.

So I have to ask you again: I wonder what about corporate worship – this formative part of our identity – gets you the most excited? brings you the most alive? gives you the most frustration?

images © iStockphoto

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